What are the components needed to install solar panels on a roof?
With the popularity of rooftop solar growing worldwide, installing solar panels on flat roofs and pitched roofs is becoming more accessible and affordable. Installing solar panels on a roof involves a variety of components that work together to create an efficient and secure energy system. In this guide, we’ll go over the essential components you’ll need for a successful rooftop solar installation. For detailed installation guides on roof solar mounting, such as the TP-2 Ballasted Triangle Solar System and TP-7 Ballasted Solar Mounting System, you can refer to our previous article.
1. Solar Panels
Solar panels, also known as PV (photovoltaic) panels, are the core component of any solar system. They convert sunlight into electricity by harnessing photons to produce an electric current that can be used to power appliances and other electrical loads.
2. Mounting Clamps
Mounting clamps are crucial for securely attaching solar panels to the racking system. Typically made from aluminum with stainless steel bolts, these clamps hold panels firmly in place. Some clamps also offer an electrical grounding path between the panel and racking, contributing to system safety.
3. Solar Racking
Solar racking provides the structural support needed to hold the panels safely and stably on the roof. For flat roofs, ballasted solar mounting systems offer a highly effective solution by using weights, rather than penetrations, to secure the panels. Solar flat roof mounts are especially useful for commercial and industrial buildings with flat roofs, where PV ballast systems can offer a non-invasive installation.
4. Mounts
Mounts—also referred to as L-feet, standoffs, or stanchions—attach the racking structure to the roof surface. The type and quantity of mounts needed depend on the roof material, which can vary from composition shingles to corrugated metal. A 20-panel array (approximately 5 kW) generally requires 25 to 40 mounts, depending on the panel size and roof structure.
5. Direct Current (DC) Wiring
Direct current (DC) wiring connects each solar panel in series, forming a string that leads to the inverter. This wiring setup is common in systems with string inverters and allows for the efficient transfer of energy from the panels.
6. Alternating Current (AC) Wiring
For systems using microinverters or AC modules, AC wiring is necessary. This setup allows each panel to operate independently, maximizing energy production. The AC cables (trunk cables or daisy chain cables) link each microinverter to its neighbors and should be secured to the racking to avoid contact with the roof surface.
7. Inverters
Inverters convert direct current (DC) generated by the solar panels into alternating current (AC) for use in homes and businesses. They are essential for the functioning of the system, as they also help monitor and control the system’s voltage levels.
8. Grounding Components
Grounding is a safety measure that connects all metallic parts of the solar array to a common ground, reducing the risk of electrical faults. Grounding components may include grounding lugs, wires, and bonding straps, ensuring the entire system is secure and compliant with safety standards.
What Yuens can Offer
Yuens, a trusted wholesale supplier of solar mounting systems, offers an extensive range of solar mounting systems and related products. Since 2016, our products have been widely exported and are known for their reliability and quality. For other solar mounting systems, such as roof mounting, ground mounting and solar carport, click here to check our catalogue.
If you need customized solar racking system or molds, don’t hesitate to contact us. Yuens will be your reliable partner.
