Exploring Different Types of BIPV Systems & Design Options
As sustainable construction continues to grow in popularity, building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) have emerged as a key innovation—serving both as building envelope components and electricity-generating technologies. Unlike traditional PV panels, BIPV modules are embedded into the building’s architecture. Let’s take a look at the main types of BIPV systems used today.
1. BIPV Roofing Systems
Among all types, BIPV roofing systems are the most widely adopted. These systems replace traditional roof materials such as ceramic tiles, asphalt shingles, or metal sheets with photovoltaic panels that double as the outermost layer of the roof. This integration not only saves on material and labor costs but also enhances the building’s aesthetic appeal and energy efficiency.
BIPV roofs are particularly popular in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. However, it’s essential to incorporate adequate ventilation or thermal barriers into the design, as elevated temperatures can reduce solar cell efficiency. With the right solar mounting solution, a BIPV roof system can deliver long-lasting performance and weather resistance while helping property owners meet renewable energy targets.
2. BIPV Facades
BIPV facades represent a modern approach to vertical solar energy harvesting. These installations either replace or overlay curtain walls, spandrel glass, or window panels on the exterior of buildings. Though vertical surfaces receive less direct sunlight compared to roofs, their vast surface areas can generate substantial energy overall.
Architects often choose this system to maximize energy production without compromising design. Semi-transparent or fully opaque modules can be used depending on visual goals and light-transmission needs. BIPV facades are well-suited for high-rise buildings, commercial towers, and public infrastructure projects where maximizing wall area is a priority.
3. BIPV Skylights
Skylights with integrated photovoltaic cells are another smart way to merge daylighting with solar energy. These BIPV applications allow natural light to enter the building while simultaneously generating electricity. The semi-transparent nature of BIPV skylight modules provides visual connectivity with the outside environment and helps reduce indoor lighting loads.
In spaces like atriums, commercial lobbies, and transportation hubs, BIPV skylights enhance occupant comfort, reduce glare, and create a striking architectural effect—while contributing to energy efficiency goals.
4. BIPV Awnings
BIPV awnings and overhangs are often overlooked, yet they offer unique benefits in urban and commercial designs. Installed above windows or entryways, these systems generate clean power while also functioning as passive shading devices.
Modern BIPV awnings use semi-transparent modules that allow filtered sunlight through while cutting heat gain, improving thermal comfort indoors. Additionally, their angled or sawtooth structures help capture optimal sunlight throughout the day, making them both energy-productive and visually distinctive.
Technical Design Options for BIPV Materials
Designing BIPV systems requires careful attention to material selection, system layout, and structural integration. Below, we explore essential BIPV materials and technical configurations that influence both aesthetics and energy performance.
1. Generalized Module Configuration
A typical BIPV solar module includes a solar cell layer encapsulated between front and rear covers. These are often laminated to form a protective composite that resists moisture, mechanical stress, and UV exposure. While standard PV panels use frames and junction boxes, BIPV modules often integrate diodes directly into the laminate to create a clean appearance suitable for building surfaces.
Mounting is another differentiator. Solar mounting systems for BIPV are often engineered for hidden or seamless integration. They may provide extra benefits such as insulation or thermal dissipation—critical for maintaining efficiency and comfort inside the building.
Curved or custom-shaped modules are increasingly being used in special BIPV applications. However, these shapes can pose challenges in cell placement and irradiation balance, potentially lowering output. Still, for projects prioritizing design and branding, they offer compelling advantages.
2. Front and Rear Cover Materials
Cover materials for BIPV modules significantly impact performance, durability, and visual appearance. The most common front cover is tempered glass—chosen for its transparency, strength, and long life. Rear covers vary based on the system:
- Glass-glass modules are used for high-end facades and roofs.
- Polymer rear sheets are favored for lightweight applications.
- Metal composites may be used for structural BIPV where stiffness is needed.
Cover surfaces can be treated with coatings like enamel, lacquer, or varnish to control glare, increase reflectance, or change color. Anti-reflective coatings are functional, while colored films or textures are aesthetic. For instance, diffusing coatings maintain light transmission while reducing harsh direct rays—ideal for skylights or public buildings.
3. Embedding Materials & Interlayers
Encapsulants like EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) and PVB (polyvinyl butyral) protect the solar cells and maintain adhesion between the module layers. EVA is cost-effective and widely used, while PVB offers better optical clarity and is common in façade systems due to its visual appeal and strength.
Other materials, like casting resins, may be used in custom BIPV modules. Additional interlayers—such as color films, textured meshes, or reflective nets—allow further customization. These can control light diffusion, enhance color uniformity, or even brand the appearance of the module without compromising its energy output.
4. PV Cell Layer & Electrical Layout
The solar cell layer is the heart of any BIPV module. Its structure determines energy efficiency, service life, and visual characteristics. Technologies used in building-integrated photovoltaics include:
- Crystalline silicon (mono/poly): High efficiency, mature tech, widely used.
- Thin-film (amorphous silicon, CIGS, CdTe): Sleek appearance, flexible applications.
- Emerging cells (perovskite, organic): Lightweight, colorful, and adaptable—still under development for wide-scale BIPV use.
One of the most promising options for the future is perovskite-on-silicon tandem cells, which combine high power output with visual flexibility. As commercial manufacturing catches up, these solutions will likely become more available for creative and high-performance BIPV applications.
Government Policies and Incentives
Supportive government policies play a crucial role in accelerating the adoption of types of BIPV systems. Many countries now offer subsidies, tax credits, or priority grid access for buildings that incorporate renewable energy technologies.
The EU Renewable Energy Directive, for instance, encourages the use of solar in new construction and major renovations. In the U.S., federal and state incentives for solar adoption apply to BIPV systems as long as they meet code and safety standards. As demand grows, national building codes are increasingly incorporating renewable energy requirements—making BIPV not just a trend, but a future standard in sustainable architecture.
The Future of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics
As urban areas continue to grow, the pressure for low-carbon, high-efficiency buildings will only increase. BIPV systems offer one of the most promising solutions to meet these challenges while providing design freedom. Future systems will likely feature:
- Higher efficiency cells with better low-light performance
- Ultra-light, flexible modules for curved or mobile applications
- Smart integration with energy storage and building automation systems
Whether in public infrastructure, commercial high-rises, or custom homes, BIPV applications will be a key component of next-generation cities.
Why Choose Yuens for Your Solar Mounting Projects?
As a professional solar mounting manufacturer, Yuens is dedicated to supporting the solar mounting projects through high-quality mounting brackets, accessories, and equipment. Whether you’re working on commercial, industrial, or residential installations, we offer tailored services to meet the evolving demands of modern architecture and energy design. Click here to explore our product catalogue.
At Yuens, we focus on delivering:
- Custom Mounting Services: Our team designs and manufactures customized mounting solutions&products for various solar projects.
- High-Quality Materials: We use premium-grade aluminum and stainless steel that comply with international standards, ensuring structural strength and long-term durability.
- OEM & ODM Services: Need to match unique design requirements? We provide flexible OEM & ODM support to help you realize your architectural and energy goals.
- Reliable Technical Support: From planning to post-installation, our engineers offer full technical assistance to keep your project on track.
- Factory-Direct Manufacturing: With in-house production facilities, Yuens provides competitive pricing, consistent quality, and timely delivery to clients worldwide.
If you’re looking to enhance your BIPV applications with dependable solar mounting brackets and components, we’re here to help.
Samples and technical support are available. Contact us today to learn more details.
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